He told us that we should not be using Osha. The herbalist explained how hard it is to grow Ligusticum (that's Osha's Latin name), that it has to be cold enough, that the leaf litter has to be just so and the moisture steady. It was a moral quandary because to harvest the medicine you dig up the plant's roots.  It's not sustainable.  And the plant was rare to start with. 

Twenty years later, I'm working in an herbal medicinary where we sell Ligusticum root in bulk form and tincture.  And we can't find it anymore.

Somehow this last batch of Ligusticum was amazing.  Maybe the plant always was.  As we try to replace the herb with something different in various respiratory formulae, we learn how hard it is to replace. There are lots of great herbs but nothing has the same clearing pungency. It's a shame.

This last batch was also very expensive.  Someone got top dollar for some minimally processed root, and here it is smelling like the best medicine anyone ever had.  I just made a 4 ounce tea formula with only 24 grams of Osha in it and the tea cost over $70.

My message to herbalists is to say goodbye.  Stop prescribing this wonderful plant, unless you can figure out a way to cultivate it.  I believe you can still purchase the seeds from Strictly Medicinal.  It's in the carrot family and lots of plants in that family are poisonous, so be careful!

Many of us use herbs.  We use use use, and rarely say thank you or try to help the plants.  Let us not be so selfish.  Use what grows near you, learn to propagate it.  Encourage it.  Protect it.  Help plants migrate to higher ground and cooler exposures if they need the cold.  And be grateful, because these wonderful plants are a gift.

Covidly: another place to watch the numbers, hover to see more
​https://covidly.com/

Inoculating Dose Matters: Bigger Exposure-->Faster Onset, Worse Disease
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/01/opinion/coronavirus-viral-dose.html​

The CDC comes around: wear a mask in public 4/3
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/03/world/coronavirus-news-updates.html

The WHO lists bogus labs and recommends no cures 3/31
https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/essential-medicines/drug-alerts20/no3-2020-falsified-mp-forcovid-en.pdf

Turmeric/Curcuma longa May Reduce Cytokine Storm
https://info.bioticsresearch.com/researchforum/curcumins-influence-on-cytokine-storm

CDC on How to Care for someone at Home
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/if-you-are-sick/care-for-someone.html

If you get sick enough to need a Ventilator, you're probably a goner
https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/04/02/826105278/ventilators-are-no-panacea-for-critically-ill-covid-19-patients

Foolishness: Letting Religious People Gather in Groups during Pandemic
https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/04/01/825667542/states-consider-whether-religious-services-qualify-as-essential

Viral Shedding Continues Long Time after Illness Resolves
https://nypost.com/2020/03/30/coronavirus-patients-could-still-be-contagious-after-symptoms-resolve-study/

Dead Bodies in the Streets: Ecuador's Dark Ages
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ecuador-bodies-streets-guayaquil-coronavirus-covid-19/

This Report Suggests that Oregon has Flattened the Curve
https://govsite-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/8arHLJI7QrqywZlmFH1X_Oregon-COVID-19-Projections-2020-03-30.pdf

Mushrooms and Oats for Immune Modulation
https://blog.designsforhealth.com/node/1219

A Different Perspective: DeGrowth and Direct Democracy
https://theecologist.org/2020/apr/03/coronavirus-and-degrowth

Mortality Rates Grim Among Elders
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6912e2.htm?s_cid=mm6912e2_w

​Your Home May Not Be Private
https://www.myidcare.com/articles/single/even-sheltering-at-home-were-not-alone
​

​The photograph above is a wild ginger plant in the genus Asarum. I photographed it last week in the woods near my father's house. Don't eat it. We know this. Some plants are poison. Naturopaths know about aristolochic acid because it is part of our training in botanical medicine.

Medicine in the US today is as polarized as our politics, and just as full of talking points and bald faced lies. I find it infuriating and frustrating. Today I read a hit piece attacking naturopathic doctors. It claimed that we push herbs that contain aristolochic acid (AA). AA is a known carcinogen in the bladder and kidneys, and a new study suggests that it's causing a lot of liver cancer too. It really ticks me off when headlines say we push people to take poison. Not so. We are here to guard against such mistakes.

Chinese herbal products have often been found to contain toxins, and to be mis-labeled or not labeled at all. Herbs containing AA can be found in Chinese weight loss formulas, among other places Here in the good old US we may complain about the shady politics in the FDA, but at some level they really are trying to protect us. They're doing better than the Chinese authorities, far as I can tell.

There's been an incredible increase in the wealth of the Chinese middle class in the last 25 years. Suddenly people have jobs, cars, and disposable income. They are eating more sugar than they ever have before, and they are getting fat, even getting diabetes. The Chinese are looking more and more like US.

Combine their new obesity, disposable income, and good supply of poorly regulated herbal products, and you can understand why the Chinese are getting cancer from AA. Lots of other people in Asia, like the Taiwanese, are having the same problem.

We've known about AA for a long time. The FDA issued a warning about it in 2001 which is when it came onto a lot of people's radar.

If you would like to know if an herbal formula or a supplement is safe to take, there is no one better to consult than a naturopath. We study on which herbs are useful and which are dangerous.

It is true that the vast majority of herbal products are not very well tested. You have to do the research to find out which ones are good, or ask a naturopath. Some companies have excellent quality assurance standards, and some do not. If you are going to take a product, you want to know if it contains what it says on the label. You also want to know that it does not contain anything toxic. Third party testing of products is expensive and most companies don't do it. If you buy the cheapest herbs you can get, you are probably choosing the ones that haven't been checked. Just so you know.

The people who are dedicated to the project of smearing alternative medicine don't know much about it, but that doesn't slow them down. It has become disgustingly normal, especially online, to just say whatever you want as if it were true, and keep saying it until the dimwitted come to believe you.

Don't let them brainwash you. Keep your wits sharp. Gather information and challenge your own assumptions. There is disinformation on all sides, and medicine is as rich a medium for BS as politics.

Just because something is natural does not make it safe.  Just because something is herbal does not make it dangerous. If you're going to experiment with herbs, do your research--or get some help from someone who has. And don't buy imported herbs online. Please.

My patients often ask if I think medical marijuana might be helpful.  We’ve had some widely ranging conversations about the risks and benefits of this drug.  As a naturopathic physician I may not prescribe cannabis even though it is legal for medical use here in Oregon; it is not in the ND formulary.  The fact that I cannot prescribe it does not prevent me from discussing it.  The issue will not go away, regardless of the laws and the war on drugs.  Cannabis is ubiquitous, even though it is federally illegal with varying levels of state permissiveness.

Just last month Colorado and Washington were the first states in America to approve the legalization of marijuana for recreational use.  Those who fear it as a gateway drug, and those who advocate its medical use or broader legalization, are all making noise about it.  The politics often plays more loudly than the facts.  Marijuana is the #1 drug brought our way by Mexican drug cartels, and Mexican weed is likely to contain pesticides and other toxins.  Synthetic cannabinoids are being imported from Asia labelled as bath soaps and sold in convenience stores.  The war on drugs highlights our incarceration problem and the ugly politics of race.  Reasonable medical questions remain unanswered.

Our own government propagated a lot of disinformation back in the 1930’s when the Federal Bureau of Narcotics was created and cannabis was classified as a narcotic (against the advice of the American Medical Association).  The original Greek meaning of “narcotic” was any psychoactive substance that induces sleep, but in more recent times it has come to mean opiates and any drug derived from them.  Opiates are addictive and are carefully regulated by the DEA.  Cannabis is pharmacologically a world apart from opiates, and is no longer thought of as a narcotic, but it is still plagued by the negative reputation engendered by federal prohibition and propaganda, and the War on Drugs.  Cannabis was federally prohibited in 1933, the same year that the prohibition on alcohol was rescinded.

In 2009 the AMA did a review of the scientific literature on cannabis and found a few legitimate clinical trials with a grand total of less than 300 study participants.  The DEA has refused to grant permission to universities or pharmaceutical companies to research it.   The drug is approved by 18 states for medical use, but we have very little scientific information on which to base clinical applications.  Anecdotal information about the indications of various strains guide the choices of medical users.  The federal ban is still in effect, and current federal enforcement efforts are focused on importers and distributors and not on small scale possession (like they were under Reagan).  Employers are within their legal rights to require drug testing.  Law enforcement budgets rely on asset forfeitures (police can seize any cash or items likely to be related to drug trade without proof of guilt) which is incentive for police forces to continue to pursue small scale dealers.  Medical cannabis programs provide a front for a new domestic black market.  That the issue is contentious is an understatement; it is explosive.  And we still don’t know what it is good for.

A future email newsletter will focus on known and theoretical risks and benefits of cannabis use.  Sign up for the monthly missive here. 

 

I'm studying for boards these days.  We have a long list of herbal medicines we are supposed to know (in addition to a 3x longer list of Rx meds).  I consider this to be my opportunity to sort out which plants I want to use in my practice.  I am studying up on each one, and deciding if I think the evidence is sufficient for me to recommend it.  

On the internet I find two dominant claims about phytomedicine. 1) Herbs don't do anything useful, are inert or inactive, and 2) Herbs might cause you grave harm and could interact with your medications and kill you.

The conflict between these two claims is amusing to me.  If plant medicine is so worthless, then why isn't it harmless?  If herbs don't do anything, then why are we so worried about them?  And on the flipside, if a plant can cause drastic changes to your physiology and interact dangerously with your medications, how can it be inert and wimpy?

Plant medicine is more useful than conventional practitioners want to admit.  Many would like to convince their patients to avoid plant medicine entirely, because it is unpredictable and unknown to them, and so seen as dangerous instead of helpful.  It is my observation that conventional practitioners are extremely concerned about interactions between herbs and medications, while they very rarely check for interactions among the medications that they prescribe.  I have studied cases in which my patients or family were prescribed many meds that are processed by the same pathways in the liver.  Their physiology must have been significantly altered in ways that have certainly not been studied.  Show me a drug study that gives four or more medications and measures their combined effects!!  Yet it is no problem finding a baby boomer on that many meds.  When people complain that herbal medicine hasn't been studied enough, remember that pharmaceutical medicine is mainly studied by the people who wish to profit from it, and that negative results are routinely swept under the carpet.

One criticism of plant medicine rings very true, and that is the inconsistency of the contents of the supplement.  Plants grow differently in different places, are harvested with varying levels of care, different parts of the plants are used, different methods are used in processing them, and different kinds and amounts of fillers are added.  There is tremendous variability in the amount and quality of the plant matter in any given capsule.  Some contain little, if any, of what they claim to contain.  There are higher quality supplements available to licensed Naturopaths, and we trust them more, but I for one intuitively trust plants more than pills.

If you can't be sure of the contents of a capsule you bought on the internet, what can you be sure of?  I am sure that plants contain more constituents than we have researched, more than we know about.  I am sure that the whole plant often has actions that one of its components does not.  All the constituents in a given plant (or combination of plants) may have a synergistic effect that we never completely understand, because of the complexity of plant matter and life itself.

So I operate on a few assumptions, based on experience and centuries-long traditions.  In most cases fresh herbs are more potent that dried and processed ones. There are exceptions when processing removes a constituent that is harmful, or when a concentrate or extract really is better.  But not always.

I am pretty sure, from a commonsense gardener's point of view, that I trust my dirt more than dirt in China.  I happen to live where the soil is good and many plants grow.  If I lived in the desert, I'd want to know that my plant medicine came from a clean place.  If I'm going to buy herbs, I'd like to know what kind of care was put into its selection and care, where it grew, how it was harvested and processed, stored and delivered.  I want a minimum of fillers, and I want to know what fillers they are.  I want to know it all.

Most of the herbs on our study list have a very long list of traditional indications, and just a tiny little bit of actual science on a few of their constituents.  A few of them have plenty of science, usually the poisonous ones.  Dr Google sends warnings about avoiding this plant, because it can kill you.  Tell me this: what pharmaceutical medication is not dangerous if overdosed?  They all are!  Toxic herbs are the most potent medicine available to an herbalist.  The trick is in knowing how to dose them appropriately.  The use of toxic herbs is not appropriate for lay people to attempt without guidance, and so the warnings are welcome.

Plant medicine is both more powerful than we realize, and more benign than pharmaceutical medications.  Its reputation should not be marred by the offenses of a few profit-seeking supplement companies.  We are designed to eat plants, touch plants, live in harmony with plants.  When you sip your coffee, or put ketchup on your burger, you are partaking of plant medicine.  Look out!!  It might make you feel better.